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Prostate Cancer & Risk Factors

October 2024
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Our team supported events at 2 local organisations on topics including: Prostate Cancer & Smoking Cessation

2 Request for our involvement or support on wider projects.

3 sessions held on prostate cancer awareness

2 sessions held on Smoking Cessation

Groups Workshop attended by at least 6 ethnicities

6 first time attendees at activity group

1 Partnership meetings attended/led

Volunteers attended training on Health & Well-Being at Work Place

What is the Prostate?

The Prostate is a small gland and part of the male reproductive system located between the penis and the bladder. It is usually the shape of a walnut and as you get older it grows bigger. The main job of the prostate is to help make semen- the whitish fluid that carries the sperm produced by the testicles.

Who has a Prostate?

  • Men
  • Some inter-sex people*
  • Anyone assigned male by birth (non- binary people) **
  • Trans women***

What Are the Most Common Problems with Prostate?

  • Prostatitis
  • Enlarged Prostate
  • Prostate Cancer

Who is at risk of Prostate Cancer?

The chances of developing prostate cancer increase as you get older. 

  • You are aged 50 or older and the risk increases as you get older
  • You are black (1 in 4 black men are likely to be diagnosed with prostate cancer)
  • Your father or brother have been affected by prostate cancer (2 and Half times more likely)
  • You are overweight or obese (higher risk of aggressive prostate cancer)

What is Prostate Cancer?

This is the most common cancer in men in the UK and has no screening programme. 1 in 8 men in the UK are likely to be diagnosed of prostate cancer in their life time and 12,000 men die of it every single year. More than 52,000 men are diagnosed every year in the UK and about 490,000 men are currently living with and after prostate cancer.

It occurs when the cells in the prostate grows abnormally in an uncontrolled way. While most prostate cancers grow slowly, some are more likely to grow quickly and spread to other parts of the body, firstly the bone. It becomes problematic by causing problems and there is need for treatment to stop or slow down the spreading.

What are the symptoms of Prostate Cancer?

Prostate cancer usually develops slowly, so you may not notice any signs or symptoms for years in the early stage. If you notice any of the following symptoms:

  • Difficulty starting urinating
  • Urinating often, especially at night
  • Weak or interrupted flow of urine
  • Trouble emptying the bladder completely
  • Pain or burning during urination
  • Blood in the urine or semen
  • Unexplained weight loss
  • Problems getting or keeping an erection

Other Prostate Problems

Prostatitis:

This is the swelling of the prostate gland usually caused by bacteria from the urinary tract. It is not cancer.

Risk factors include: UTI, STI, Anal Sex. Common in men aged between 30 and 50.

Symptoms include: pain when peeing and ejaculating, pain around penis, anus, lower abdomen or lower back.

Enlarged Prostate:

Also known as Benign prostate enlargement (BPE). No known cause but believed to be associated with hormonal changes as a man gets older. Common in men aged 50 and over. It is not cancer and doesn’t raise your risk of cancer. Due to the enlargement, it puts pressure on the bladder and the urinary tubes (Urethra) causing problems with urination.

Symptoms Include: difficulty to start peeing, frequent need to pee especially at night, trouble with fully emptying the bladder, inability to urinate.

*An intersex individual may have both male and female sexual anatomy or reproductive characteristics and might have a prostate.

** A non-binary individual describes genders who don’t identify as male or female.

*** A trans woman is a person assigned male at birth but lives and identifies as a woman. Prostate glands is not removed during reconstructive surgery and even if they have taken hormones, there are also at risk of developing prostate problems.